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2020-05-01T15:26:12Z

label each full source with a comment

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{{Wikipedia how to|WP:CITEPAGE|WP:REFPAGE|WP:PAGENR}}
Per the [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability policy]], "Cite the source clearly and precisely (specifying page, section, or such divisions as may be appropriate)."

==Examples==
The manner in which a page number is included depends on the citation style. These examples use {{cs1}} templates, but these are not required.

===Footnotes===
These examples use {{fnote}}:

This example is the most basic and includes unique references for each citation, showing the page numbers in the reference list. This repeats the citation, changing the page number.

{{markup
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972 |page=5}}</ref> Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.<ref>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972 |page=6}}</ref>
{{reflist}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972 |page=5 |ref=none}}</ref> Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.<ref>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972 |page=6 |ref=none}}</ref>
{{reflist}}
}}

====Inline page numbers====
Here, the page numbers are shown in the text by using {{tlx|rp}}. This allows [[WP:NAMEDREFS|named references]] to be used, combining multiple references to the same citation in a single footnote.

{{markup
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref name=elk1972>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972}}</ref>{{rp|5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.<ref name=elk1972 />{{rp|6}}
{{reflist}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref name=elk1972>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972 |ref=none}}</ref>{{rp|5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.<ref name=elk1972 />{{rp|6}}
{{reflist}}
}}

====Named references====
Whether using {{ldr}} or inline [[WP:NAMEDREFS|named references]], {{tlx|r}} compactly combines the functions of {{tag|ref|s}} and {{tl|rp}}.

{{markup|title=Inline named references:
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref name=elk1972>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972}}</ref>{{rp|5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{r|elk1972|p=6}}
{{reflist}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref name=elk1972>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972 |ref=none}}</ref>{{rp|5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{r|elk1972|p=6}}
{{reflist}}
}}

{{markup|title=List-defined references:
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{r|elk1972|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{r|elk1972|p=6}}
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=elk1972>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972}}</ref>
}}
{{reflist}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{r|elk1972|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{r|elk1972|p=6}}
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=elk1972>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972 |ref=none}}</ref>
}}
{{reflist}}
}}

====Shortened footnotes====

Using {{sfnote}}, showing the page numbers in the notes list and a separate list for the full reference.

{{markup|title=Shortened footnotes using {{tl|harvtxt}} or {{tl|harvnb}}:
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref>{{harvtxt|Elk|1972|p=5}}</ref> Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.<ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=6}}</ref>

{{reflist}}

{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972}}
{{refend}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref>{{harvtxt|Elk|1972|p=5}}</ref> Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.<ref>{{harvnb|Elk|1972|p=6}}</ref>

{{reflist}}

{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972}}
{{refend}}
}}

{{markup|title=Shortened footnotes using {{tl|sfn}}:
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{sfn|Elk|1972a|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972a|p=6}}

{{reflist}}

{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972a}}
{{refend}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end.{{sfn|Elk|1972a|p=5}} Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972a|p=6}}

{{reflist}}

{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972a}}
{{refend}}
}}

A mix of {{fnote}} and {{sfnote}} with the full reference in the first footnote and shortened footnotes for subsequent references.

{{markup
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972b |page=5}}</ref> Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972b|p=6}}
{{reflist}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end.<ref>{{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972b |page=5}}</ref> Then it becomes much thicker in the middle.{{sfn|Elk|1972b|p=6}}
{{reflist}}
}}

===Parenthetical referencing===

{{paren}} (Harvard), showing the page numbers in-text using {{tlx|harv}}.
{{markup
|<nowiki>The brontosaurus is thin at one end {{harv|Elk|1972c|p=5}}. Then it becomes much thicker in the middle {{harv|Elk|1972c|p=6}}.

{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972c}}
{{refend}}</nowiki>
|The brontosaurus is thin at one end {{harv|Elk|1972c|p=5}}. Then it becomes much thicker in the middle {{harv|Elk|1972c|p=6}}.

{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Elk |first=Anne |title=[[Anne Elk's Theory on Brontosauruses]] |date=November 16, 1972c}}
{{refend}}
}}

==Other in-source locations==
{{More|Wikipedia:Citing sources#Sound recordings}}
Often, a page number is not appropriate such as when citing an audio or video source or a book that has no page numbers. The {{cs1}} templates have an {{para|at}} parameter that can be used to include non-page locators. The [[:Category:Author-date citation templates|Author-date citation templates]] use {{para|loc}}.

Some example locators: section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse

==See also==
*{{section link|Wikipedia:Citing sources#Citing multiple pages of the same source}}

{{Wikipedia referencing}}
{{Help navigation}}

[[Category:Wikipedia citation administration]]

Help:References and page numbers - Revision history

imported>Jonesey95: label each full source with a comment